Physico-Chemical and Phyto-Chemical Screening of Madanaphala Seeds with Reference to its Sangraha and Samskara

Abstract

Standardization of herbal drugs is the need of the present day, in order to confirm its therapeutic value and to stand out
in the global market. Place of collection, season of collection and so on plays an important role to assure the quality of the
drug in terms of identity, purity and strength. Samskara is the process that may bring out some radical changes in the
substance by replacing their natural properties totally or partially into a new one or by intensifying or moderating their
qualities. The present study was planned and carried out to know the significance of Sangraha and Samskara of Madana
phala through physico-chemical and phytochemical analysis. Fresh fruits of Madana phala were collected as per the
sangraha vidhi and and were subjected to samskara by keeping it in the kusha puta and triturating it with ghritha, dadhi,
madhu and tila kalka as per the Samskara vidhi mentioned in Charaka samhita. All the three samples i.e, self collected,
processed and market samples were analysed through pharmacognostic, physico-chemical and qualitative & quantitative
phyto-chemical study. Also analysed through HPTLC by using Oleanolic acid as standard. Quantitative phyto-chemical
analysis showed more amount of saponin, tannin, phenol & HPTLC analysis showed more amount of oleanolic acid in self
collected sample than the market sample. Whereas there was less amount of saponin, tannin, phenol and Oleanolic acid in
processed sample (samskarita) when compared to the self collected sample (asamskarita) of Madana phala. For the
better yield of phyto chemicals samples need to be collected as per the classical reference, which may not be followed by
the commercial suppliers. Samskara of Madana phala as per Charaka plays an important role in modifying the total
saponin concentration which is validated through the qualitative and quantitative analytical tools.