Application of Time Series Analyses in Forensic Accounting

Abstract

This paper addresses how time series analyses can be used in forensic accounting by presenting three time series models and testing their relevance to forensic accounting practices. The ever-increasing business complexity and technological advances necessitate technological modernization in forensic accounting processes and the use of digital forensics. Time series analyses have been extensively used in areas such as sociology and marketing but not in forensic accounting. Previously undisclosed information is now available and can be used in forensic accounting services that extend beyond traditional forensic accounting. Time series models can be used to search millions of transactions to detect spot patterns and anomalies or irregularities. Examples are provided showing practical uses of time series models to aid in identifying fraud and non-fraud anomalies and red flags with considerably less resources. This study provides policy, educational, research and practical implications for forensic accounting.